<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<CodeSystem xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="billing-rule-class"/>
  <text>
    <status value="generated"/><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p class="res-header-id"><b>Generated Narrative: CodeSystem billing-rule-class</b></p><a name="billing-rule-class"> </a><a name="hcbilling-rule-class"> </a><p><b>Properties</b></p><p><b>This code system defines the following properties for its concepts</b></p><table class="grid"><tr><td><b>Name</b></td><td><b>Code</b></td><td><b>URI</b></td><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Description</b></td></tr><tr><td>defaultEffect</td><td>defaultEffect</td><td>https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#defaultEffect</td><td>Coding</td><td>Default effect when a rule instance does not declare a more specific supported effect</td></tr><tr><td>requiredFactTypes</td><td>requiredFactTypes</td><td>https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#requiredFactTypes</td><td>Coding</td><td>Declared floor of fact categories for this class. A conforming evaluator derives the authoritative required-fact set from the rule class together with its instance parameters; that derived set is never smaller than this floor and may be larger.</td></tr><tr><td>since</td><td>since</td><td>https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#since</td><td>string</td><td>Semantic major in which this immutable class concept was introduced</td></tr><tr><td>replacedBy</td><td>replacedBy</td><td>https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#replacedBy</td><td>Coding</td><td>Successor class concept when this concept is retired</td></tr></table><p><b>Concepts</b></p><p>This case-sensitive code system <code>https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class</code> defines the following codes:</p><table class="codes"><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap"><b>Code</b></td><td><b>Display</b></td><td><b>Definition</b></td><td><b>defaultEffect</b></td><td><b>requiredFactTypes</b></td><td><b>since</b></td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">quantity-limit<a name="billing-rule-class-quantity-limit"> </a></td><td>Quantity limit</td><td>Limits the number of matching services within a counting scope.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact service-occurrence}">Service occurrence</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">value-limit<a name="billing-rule-class-value-limit"> </a></td><td>Value limit</td><td>Limits the sum of a measure, such as currency, points, or minutes, within a counting scope.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact service-value}">Service value</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">mutual-exclusion<a name="billing-rule-class-mutual-exclusion"> </a></td><td>Mutual exclusion</td><td>Forbids selected services from occurring together within a counting scope.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact service-occurrence}">Service occurrence</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">inclusive-component<a name="billing-rule-class-inclusive-component"> </a></td><td>Inclusive component</td><td>Declares that a component service is included in a containing service and is not separately billable in the stated direction.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact service-occurrence}">Service occurrence</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">companion-required<a name="billing-rule-class-companion-required"> </a></td><td>Companion required</td><td>Requires one or more companion services, optionally with ordering constraints, within a counting scope.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact service-occurrence}">Service occurrence</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">repeat-interval<a name="billing-rule-class-repeat-interval"> </a></td><td>Repeat interval</td><td>Requires a minimum interval before a matching service may be repeated for the same counting subject.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact service-occurrence}">Service occurrence</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">diagnosis-requirement<a name="billing-rule-class-diagnosis-requirement"> </a></td><td>Diagnosis requirement</td><td>Requires or forbids a diagnosis matching a declared selector, certainty, and time window.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact diagnosis}">Diagnosis</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">procedure-finding-requirement<a name="billing-rule-class-procedure-finding-requirement"> </a></td><td>Procedure or finding requirement</td><td>Requires a documented procedure, finding, or measurement matching the declared selector.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact procedure}">Procedure</a>, <a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact finding}">Finding</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">patient-attribute-constraint<a name="billing-rule-class-patient-attribute-constraint"> </a></td><td>Patient attribute constraint</td><td>Constrains applicability using declared patient demographic or status predicates.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact patient-attribute}">Patient attribute</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">provider-eligibility<a name="billing-rule-class-provider-eligibility"> </a></td><td>Provider eligibility</td><td>Constrains applicability using declared provider specialty, authorization, or relationship predicates.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact provider-eligibility}">Provider eligibility</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">setting-constraint<a name="billing-rule-class-setting-constraint"> </a></td><td>Setting constraint</td><td>Constrains applicability using declared care setting, billing case, place, time, or treatment-kind predicates.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact care-setting}">Care setting</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">contract-participation<a name="billing-rule-class-contract-participation"> </a></td><td>Contract participation</td><td>Requires participation in a declared contract or module by the patient, provider, or practice.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect reject}">Reject</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact contract-participation}">Contract participation</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">accompanying-information-required<a name="billing-rule-class-accompanying-information-required"> </a></td><td>Accompanying information required</td><td>Requires declared structured information, justification, report, or itemized cost evidence.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect requires-justification}">Requires justification</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact accompanying-information}">Accompanying information</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">prior-authorization-required<a name="billing-rule-class-prior-authorization-required"> </a></td><td>Prior authorization required</td><td>Requires an approved plan or authorization before the service is rendered or billed.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect requires-approval}">Requires approval</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact prior-authorization}">Prior authorization</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">patient-agreement-required<a name="billing-rule-class-patient-agreement-required"> </a></td><td>Patient agreement required</td><td>Requires a declared patient agreement before billing under the stated conditions.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect requires-agreement}">Requires agreement</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact patient-agreement}">Patient agreement</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">factor-bound<a name="billing-rule-class-factor-bound"> </a></td><td>Factor bound</td><td>Applies declared multiplier bounds and maps threshold crossings to a declared effect.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect requires-justification}">Requires justification</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact billing-factor}">Billing factor</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">analogue-service<a name="billing-rule-class-analogue-service"> </a></td><td>Analogue service</td><td>Constrains billing of an unlisted service by reference to a declared equivalent listed service.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect requires-justification}">Requires justification</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact analogue-reference}">Analogue reference</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">cost-reimbursement-constraint<a name="billing-rule-class-cost-reimbursement-constraint"> </a></td><td>Cost reimbursement constraint</td><td>Constrains material or laboratory cost reimbursement using declared evidence requirements or limits.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect requires-justification}">Requires justification</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact cost-evidence}">Cost evidence</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">quota-degression<a name="billing-rule-class-quota-degression"> </a></td><td>Quota degression</td><td>Applies a declared reduced valuation after a volume threshold is exceeded.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect price-adjust}">Price adjustment</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact volume}">Volume</a>, <a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact service-value}">Service value</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">plan-finding-entitlement<a name="billing-rule-class-plan-finding-entitlement"> </a></td><td>Plan and finding entitlement</td><td>Derives a permitted treatment path or subsidy from declared findings and an approved plan.</td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-rule-effect.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect price-adjust}">Price adjustment</a></td><td><a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact approved-plan}">Approved plan</a>, <a href="CodeSystem-billing-required-fact.html" title="{https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact finding}">Finding</a></td><td>1</td></tr></table></div>
  </text>
  <url value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class"/>
  <identifier>
    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>
    <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.3.7985.16.20"/>
  </identifier>
  <version value="1"/>
  <name value="BillingRuleClassCS"/>
  <title value="Billing Rule Class"/>
  <status value="active"/>
  <experimental value="false"/>
  <date value="2026-08-22T18:18:46+02:00"/>
  <publisher value="cognovis GmbH"/>
  <contact>
    <name value="cognovis GmbH"/>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="https://www.cognovis.de"/>
    </telecom>
    <telecom>
      <system value="email"/>
      <value value="info@cognovis.de"/>
    </telecom>
  </contact>
  <description value="Regime-neutral classes of declarative billing rules. A rule class names an observable evaluation algorithm; fee schedules and contracts provide instance parameters."/>
  <jurisdiction>
    <coding>
      <system value="urn:iso:std:iso:3166"/>
      <code value="DE"/>
    </coding>
  </jurisdiction>
  <copyright value="Copyright 2026+ cognovis GmbH. Cognovis-authored material is licensed under Apache-2.0; third-party material retains its own terms as documented in THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md."/>
  <caseSensitive value="true"/>
  <content value="complete"/>
  <count value="20"/>
  <property>
    <code value="defaultEffect"/>
    <uri value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#defaultEffect"/>
    <description value="Default effect when a rule instance does not declare a more specific supported effect"/>
    <type value="Coding"/>
  </property>
  <property>
    <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
    <uri value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#requiredFactTypes"/>
    <description value="Declared floor of fact categories for this class. A conforming evaluator derives the authoritative required-fact set from the rule class together with its instance parameters; that derived set is never smaller than this floor and may be larger."/>
    <type value="Coding"/>
  </property>
  <property>
    <code value="since"/>
    <uri value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#since"/>
    <description value="Semantic major in which this immutable class concept was introduced"/>
    <type value="string"/>
  </property>
  <property>
    <code value="replacedBy"/>
    <uri value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-class#replacedBy"/>
    <description value="Successor class concept when this concept is retired"/>
    <type value="Coding"/>
  </property>
  <concept>
    <code value="quantity-limit"/>
    <display value="Quantity limit"/>
    <definition value="Limits the number of matching services within a counting scope."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="service-occurrence"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="value-limit"/>
    <display value="Value limit"/>
    <definition value="Limits the sum of a measure, such as currency, points, or minutes, within a counting scope."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="service-value"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="mutual-exclusion"/>
    <display value="Mutual exclusion"/>
    <definition value="Forbids selected services from occurring together within a counting scope."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="service-occurrence"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="inclusive-component"/>
    <display value="Inclusive component"/>
    <definition value="Declares that a component service is included in a containing service and is not separately billable in the stated direction."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="service-occurrence"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="companion-required"/>
    <display value="Companion required"/>
    <definition value="Requires one or more companion services, optionally with ordering constraints, within a counting scope."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="service-occurrence"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="repeat-interval"/>
    <display value="Repeat interval"/>
    <definition value="Requires a minimum interval before a matching service may be repeated for the same counting subject."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="service-occurrence"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="diagnosis-requirement"/>
    <display value="Diagnosis requirement"/>
    <definition value="Requires or forbids a diagnosis matching a declared selector, certainty, and time window."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="diagnosis"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="procedure-finding-requirement"/>
    <display value="Procedure or finding requirement"/>
    <definition value="Requires a documented procedure, finding, or measurement matching the declared selector."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="procedure"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="finding"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="patient-attribute-constraint"/>
    <display value="Patient attribute constraint"/>
    <definition value="Constrains applicability using declared patient demographic or status predicates."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="patient-attribute"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="provider-eligibility"/>
    <display value="Provider eligibility"/>
    <definition value="Constrains applicability using declared provider specialty, authorization, or relationship predicates."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="provider-eligibility"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="setting-constraint"/>
    <display value="Setting constraint"/>
    <definition value="Constrains applicability using declared care setting, billing case, place, time, or treatment-kind predicates."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="care-setting"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="contract-participation"/>
    <display value="Contract participation"/>
    <definition value="Requires participation in a declared contract or module by the patient, provider, or practice."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="reject"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="contract-participation"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="accompanying-information-required"/>
    <display value="Accompanying information required"/>
    <definition value="Requires declared structured information, justification, report, or itemized cost evidence."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="requires-justification"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="accompanying-information"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="prior-authorization-required"/>
    <display value="Prior authorization required"/>
    <definition value="Requires an approved plan or authorization before the service is rendered or billed."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="requires-approval"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="prior-authorization"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="patient-agreement-required"/>
    <display value="Patient agreement required"/>
    <definition value="Requires a declared patient agreement before billing under the stated conditions."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="requires-agreement"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="patient-agreement"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="factor-bound"/>
    <display value="Factor bound"/>
    <definition value="Applies declared multiplier bounds and maps threshold crossings to a declared effect."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="requires-justification"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="billing-factor"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="analogue-service"/>
    <display value="Analogue service"/>
    <definition value="Constrains billing of an unlisted service by reference to a declared equivalent listed service."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="requires-justification"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="analogue-reference"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="cost-reimbursement-constraint"/>
    <display value="Cost reimbursement constraint"/>
    <definition value="Constrains material or laboratory cost reimbursement using declared evidence requirements or limits."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="requires-justification"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="cost-evidence"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="quota-degression"/>
    <display value="Quota degression"/>
    <definition value="Applies a declared reduced valuation after a volume threshold is exceeded."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="price-adjust"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="volume"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="service-value"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="plan-finding-entitlement"/>
    <display value="Plan and finding entitlement"/>
    <definition value="Derives a permitted treatment path or subsidy from declared findings and an approved plan."/>
    <property>
      <code value="defaultEffect"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-rule-effect"/>
        <code value="price-adjust"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="approved-plan"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="requiredFactTypes"/>
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="https://fhir.cognovis.de/praxis/CodeSystem/billing-required-fact"/>
        <code value="finding"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </property>
    <property>
      <code value="since"/>
      <valueString value="1"/>
    </property>
  </concept>
</CodeSystem>